{"id":6431,"date":"2023-12-10T07:08:24","date_gmt":"2023-12-10T07:08:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/?p=6431"},"modified":"2025-01-27T10:14:14","modified_gmt":"2025-01-27T10:14:14","slug":"f2f-2021-22","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/?p=6431","title":{"rendered":"2021-22 \/\/ F2F"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"6431\" class=\"elementor elementor-6431\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-353a73a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"353a73a\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-cd6e351\" data-id=\"cd6e351\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-82907d7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"82907d7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.21.0 - 18-04-2024 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">|F2F<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0aed11e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0aed11e\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-bbb44cb\" data-id=\"bbb44cb\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c73bfa9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c73bfa9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.21.0 - 18-04-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p>Field to Facade<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-36ee0b1 elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-items-top elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"36ee0b1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;,&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-47cb17b\" data-id=\"47cb17b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-23b20c6 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"23b20c6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInDown&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.21.0 - 18-04-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/235-3.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-6467\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/235-3.png 1280w, https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/235-3-300x188.png 300w, https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/235-3-1024x640.png 1024w, https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/235-3-768x480.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw \/ 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw \/ 12)), 100vw\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-86974cf elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"86974cf\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1aa8440 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1aa8440\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e2733ef elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e2733ef\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a49790b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a49790b\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2c6ad6d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2c6ad6d\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-fdcd49d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"fdcd49d\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3244369\" data-id=\"3244369\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-248cda6 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"248cda6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.21.0 - 18-04-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-divider{--divider-border-style:none;--divider-border-width:1px;--divider-color:#0c0d0e;--divider-icon-size:20px;--divider-element-spacing:10px;--divider-pattern-height:24px;--divider-pattern-size:20px;--divider-pattern-url:none;--divider-pattern-repeat:repeat-x}.elementor-widget-divider .elementor-divider{display:flex}.elementor-widget-divider .elementor-divider__text{font-size:15px;line-height:1;max-width:95%}.elementor-widget-divider .elementor-divider__element{margin:0 var(--divider-element-spacing);flex-shrink:0}.elementor-widget-divider .elementor-icon{font-size:var(--divider-icon-size)}.elementor-widget-divider .elementor-divider-separator{display:flex;margin:0;direction:ltr}.elementor-widget-divider--view-line_icon .elementor-divider-separator,.elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text .elementor-divider-separator{align-items:center}.elementor-widget-divider--view-line_icon .elementor-divider-separator:after,.elementor-widget-divider--view-line_icon .elementor-divider-separator:before,.elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text .elementor-divider-separator:after,.elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text .elementor-divider-separator:before{display:block;content:\"\";border-block-end:0;flex-grow:1;border-block-start:var(--divider-border-width) var(--divider-border-style) var(--divider-color)}.elementor-widget-divider--element-align-left .elementor-divider .elementor-divider-separator>.elementor-divider__svg:first-of-type{flex-grow:0;flex-shrink:100}.elementor-widget-divider--element-align-left .elementor-divider-separator:before{content:none}.elementor-widget-divider--element-align-left .elementor-divider__element{margin-left:0}.elementor-widget-divider--element-align-right .elementor-divider .elementor-divider-separator>.elementor-divider__svg:last-of-type{flex-grow:0;flex-shrink:100}.elementor-widget-divider--element-align-right .elementor-divider-separator:after{content:none}.elementor-widget-divider--element-align-right .elementor-divider__element{margin-right:0}.elementor-widget-divider--element-align-start .elementor-divider .elementor-divider-separator>.elementor-divider__svg:first-of-type{flex-grow:0;flex-shrink:100}.elementor-widget-divider--element-align-start .elementor-divider-separator:before{content:none}.elementor-widget-divider--element-align-start .elementor-divider__element{margin-inline-start:0}.elementor-widget-divider--element-align-end .elementor-divider .elementor-divider-separator>.elementor-divider__svg:last-of-type{flex-grow:0;flex-shrink:100}.elementor-widget-divider--element-align-end .elementor-divider-separator:after{content:none}.elementor-widget-divider--element-align-end .elementor-divider__element{margin-inline-end:0}.elementor-widget-divider:not(.elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text):not(.elementor-widget-divider--view-line_icon) .elementor-divider-separator{border-block-start:var(--divider-border-width) var(--divider-border-style) var(--divider-color)}.elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern{--divider-border-style:none}.elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern.elementor-widget-divider--view-line .elementor-divider-separator,.elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern:not(.elementor-widget-divider--view-line) .elementor-divider-separator:after,.elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern:not(.elementor-widget-divider--view-line) .elementor-divider-separator:before,.elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern:not([class*=elementor-widget-divider--view]) .elementor-divider-separator{width:100%;min-height:var(--divider-pattern-height);-webkit-mask-size:var(--divider-pattern-size) 100%;mask-size:var(--divider-pattern-size) 100%;-webkit-mask-repeat:var(--divider-pattern-repeat);mask-repeat:var(--divider-pattern-repeat);background-color:var(--divider-color);-webkit-mask-image:var(--divider-pattern-url);mask-image:var(--divider-pattern-url)}.elementor-widget-divider--no-spacing{--divider-pattern-size:auto}.elementor-widget-divider--bg-round{--divider-pattern-repeat:round}.rtl .elementor-widget-divider .elementor-divider__text{direction:rtl}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-divider,.e-con>.elementor-widget-divider{width:var(--container-widget-width,100%);--flex-grow:var(--container-widget-flex-grow)}<\/style>\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b52fe27 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b52fe27\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>|<b>Team<\/b><\/p><p><i>Mira Housen, Alex Ferragu, Taimur Mian, Mara Muller-de Ahna<\/i><\/p><p>|<b>Faculty<\/b><\/p><p><i>Areti Markopoulou, David Andres Leon, Nikol Kirov<\/i>a<\/p><p>|<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Project year<\/span><\/p><p><i>2021-22<\/i><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-991aa4b elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"991aa4b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-22daae1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"22daae1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b575ccf\" data-id=\"b575ccf\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2ad820e elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2ad820e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The project, titled<b> Field to Facade (F2F) <\/b>seeks to revolutionize the construction industry by repurposing barley straw, a widely available agricultural by-product. Barley, a vital global crop, produces substantial amounts of straw, often underutilized. Current practices, like ploughing it back into fields, fall short of its potential. This research aims to unlock the value of barley straw by transforming it into a high-performance construction material, addressing both economic and environmental concerns.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-68cad8e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"68cad8e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6584201\" data-id=\"6584201\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-996e1c4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"996e1c4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/sankey2-22.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-6434\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/sankey2-22.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/sankey2-22-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/sankey2-22-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw \/ 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw \/ 12)), 100vw\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1852931 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1852931\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><i>This research investigates repurposing barley straw as a construction material, potentially offering economic and environmental benefits by revaluing the energy and resources invested in crop growth. These zero-waste biomaterials could significantly impact the construction industry, which requires innovative changes.<\/i><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5b6cc6e\" data-id=\"5b6cc6e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3bc9841 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3bc9841\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"540\" src=\"https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/life_cycle.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-6433\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/life_cycle.png 960w, https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/life_cycle-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/life_cycle-768x432.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw \/ 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw \/ 12)), 100vw\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-84a68f5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"84a68f5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e2364a4\" data-id=\"e2364a4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7e86498 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7e86498\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The existing techniques for constructing with straw, as previously discussed, offer numerous benefits. Yet, their design limitations and incapacity to accommodate geometric variations have led to minimal adoption in major urban projects. Moreover, the necessity of a wooden structure for scaling up to multiple stories poses challenges, which is deemed less than ideal.<\/p><p>In response to these challenges, the project aimed to devise a self-supporting insulating skin with double curves. This innovative design sought to eliminate the need for any additional wooden sub-structures.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b64849d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"b64849d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2696af0\" data-id=\"2696af0\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-603e27b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"603e27b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/69-2.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-6443\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/69-2.png 1280w, https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/69-2-300x188.png 300w, https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/69-2-1024x640.png 1024w, https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/69-2-768x480.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw \/ 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw \/ 12)), 100vw\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5fc97cc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5fc97cc\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fc50292\" data-id=\"fc50292\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-296acd3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"296acd3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c994806\" data-id=\"c994806\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4076a1d elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-ha-slider happy-addon ha-slider\" data-id=\"4076a1d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation_speed&quot;:300,&quot;autoplay&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;autoplay_speed&quot;:3000,&quot;loop&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;navigation&quot;:&quot;arrow&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"ha-slider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"hajs-slick ha-slick ha-slick--slider\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ha-slick-slide slick-slide\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ha-slick-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"ha-slick-img\" src=\"https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/692-1.png\" alt=\"Tested samples\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ha-slick-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"ha-slick-title\">Tested samples<\/h5>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ha-slick-slide slick-slide\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ha-slick-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"ha-slick-img\" src=\"https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/post-images-6.png\" alt=\"Samples\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ha-slick-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"ha-slick-title\">Samples<\/h5>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ha-slick-slide slick-slide\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ha-slick-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"ha-slick-img\" src=\"https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/post-images2-2.png\" alt=\"Samples\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ha-slick-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"ha-slick-title\">Samples<\/h5>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"slick-prev\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-left\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"slick-next\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-right\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a2b8a80 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a2b8a80\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-eaac327\" data-id=\"eaac327\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2e3536c elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2e3536c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/694.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-6441\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/694.png 1280w, https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/694-300x188.png 300w, https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/694-1024x640.png 1024w, https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/694-768x480.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw \/ 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw \/ 12)), 100vw\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Prototype<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3c3669d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"3c3669d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7802f31\" data-id=\"7802f31\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6b10fca elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6b10fca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A combination of carbon fibre with resin (as used in the automobile industry) was found to be the most promising composite as the fibre behaved in tension similar to straw and the resin acted as a binding agent. Together the system performs well structurally. To develop a zero waste circular system, we had to look for a bio-based binder. This exploration led us to experiment with pine resin, beeswax, carnauba wax, gelatine, glycerine, xanthan gum, collagen and lime. The composites were then subjected to heat and pressure tests to determine if they would be able to function as a layer of the building skin.\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-245e9d8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"245e9d8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-194da59\" data-id=\"194da59\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d8a24dc elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-ha-slider happy-addon ha-slider\" data-id=\"d8a24dc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation_speed&quot;:300,&quot;autoplay&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;autoplay_speed&quot;:3000,&quot;loop&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;navigation&quot;:&quot;arrow&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"ha-slider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"hajs-slick ha-slick ha-slick--slider\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ha-slick-slide slick-slide\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ha-slick-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"ha-slick-img\" src=\"https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/693.png\" alt=\"Types of fabrication\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ha-slick-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"ha-slick-title\">Types of fabrication<\/h5>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ha-slick-slide slick-slide\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ha-slick-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"ha-slick-img\" src=\"https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/74.png\" alt=\"Curved mold jig\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ha-slick-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"ha-slick-title\">Curved mold jig<\/h5>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ha-slick-slide slick-slide\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ha-slick-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"ha-slick-img\" src=\"https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/55.png\" alt=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ha-slick-slide slick-slide\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ha-slick-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"ha-slick-img\" src=\"https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/695.png\" alt=\"Fabrication scaled up\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ha-slick-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"ha-slick-title\">Fabrication scaled up<\/h5>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"slick-prev\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-left\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"slick-next\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-right\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9146544 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"9146544\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a18076d\" data-id=\"a18076d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bde24a8 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bde24a8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Additionally, various fibre orientations and straw sizes were tested, to examine possible differences in structural qualities. In terms of fabrication, techniques such as heat pressing, compression moulding, and vaccum moulding, were studied to combine the straw with the resin. Curved mould jigs and point forming were investigated in order to achieve multiple panels with different shapes and curves. Furthermore, cnc machines were explored to create joints and textures.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-768feab elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"768feab\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4651c15\" data-id=\"4651c15\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8eece9f elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"8eece9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"540\" src=\"https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Final-Presentation-__-Straw-1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-6439\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Final-Presentation-__-Straw-1.jpg 960w, https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Final-Presentation-__-Straw-1-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Final-Presentation-__-Straw-1-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw \/ 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw \/ 12)), 100vw\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Visualisation with components<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>|F2F Field to Facade |Team Mira Housen, Alex Ferragu, Taimur Mian, Mara Muller-de Ahna |Faculty Areti Markopoulou, David Andres Leon, Nikol Kirova |Project year 2021-22 The project, titled Field to Facade (F2F) seeks to revolutionize the construction industry by repurposing barley straw, a widely available agricultural by-product. Barley, a vital global crop, produces substantial amounts &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/?p=6431\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;2021-22 \/\/ F2F&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":6547,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_header_footer","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[84,2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6431","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-all","category-bio-matter","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6431","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6431"}],"version-history":[{"count":35,"href":"https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6431\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7896,"href":"https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6431\/revisions\/7896"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/6547"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6431"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6431"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/digitalmatter.io\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6431"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}